ABSTRACT
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of half adult dose of oral Rifampicin on mean change in best corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy
Methods:Thirty-eight eyes of 31 patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy [CSCR] were registered. Unaided Visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity was documented and detailed slit lamp examination along with dilated ophthalmoscopy was performed. All subjects were treated with oral Rifampicin 300 mg [half adult dose] daily for 03 months. Patients underwent a complete ocular and systemic examination as well as central macular thickness [CMT] measurement by optical coherence tomography [OCT] every month after starting treatment until four months. Fundus fluorescein angiography [FFA] was performed in recurrent cases. Liver function tests were carried out prior to the treatment and during follow up period
Results:A total of 38 eyes of 31 patients [24 males, 07 females] were included in the study. Mean age of patients was 36.16+/-3.19 years [range 30-44]. Mean best corrected visual acuity [BCVA] before treatment was 0.56+/-0.11 and improved to 0.47+/-0.14 at 04 weeks [P<0.001] of treatment. The mean CMT at the time of presentation was 494.39+/-96.29 um and was decreased to 306.90+/-50.71 um after 04 weeks of treatment [P<0.001]. The mean induced reduction in CMT was 187.48+/-122 um [P<0.001] while that in BCVA 0.41+/-0.16 at 04 weeks of treatment [P<0.001]. Liver function tests were within normal range before and after the treatment
Conclusion:Half adult dose rifampicin [300mg] is effective and safe in treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy without causing any systemic imbalance
ABSTRACT
To determine effectiveness of ceftazidime as an intraocular antibiotic in the treatment of acute post operative endophthalmitis. This was an observational clinical analysis conducted on patients presenting with acute post-operative endophthalmitis. The study was conducted at Liaquat University Eye Hospital of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences /Jamshoro, Pakistan. Both culture positive and negative subjects were enrolled. Anterior segment slit lamp examination and if possible posterior segment examination was performed. After completing emergency investigations, vitreous tap was carried out followed by intravitreal injection of ceftazidime [2.25%] through pars planna approach. The post-resolution best corrected visual acuity was recorded. Out of thirty four subjects, 32.4% [11 Eyes] showed good response with post treatment visual acuity of 6/24 and better. 41.2% [14] eyes had moderate improvement with visual outcome of 6/60 and better. Intravitreal injection ceftazidime was repeated on nine subjects after forty eight hours of first injection. Four [11.7%] patients out of nine with repeat injection improved to 6/60 and better, and five [14.7%] with poor response were referred to vitreo retina department. Ceftazidime has proved to be quite effective in acute post operative endophthalmitis caused by both gram positive and gram negative organisms
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An uncontrolled In-vivo study was conducted to assess alterations in heart rate, QT interval and QRS complex duration in male chinchilla rabbits. Animals [n=10] were treated with 25mg/5ml/day imipramine, through oral route of administration for five days. The electrocardiographic tracings were recorded by needle electrodes in all conscious animals first before and then after drug administration, following every day up to five days. It showed cardiotoxic effects like QT interval prolongation in addition to significant widening of QRS complex, along with decrease in heart rate. Because of these cardiotoxic effects prescribing imipramine to patients with prominent cardiovascular risk factors desires added attentiveness
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Animals , Electrocardiography , Rabbits , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , CardiotoxinsABSTRACT
To evaluate the surgical success in the patients undergoing bilateral 7 mm medial rectus recession for large angle esodeviation. The subjects less than 15 years of age presenting with concomitant esotropia with deviations of 60 prism diopter [PD] and more were registered for bilateral medial rectus recession surgery. Anterior segment slit lamp examination and posterior segment examination was performed with 90 D and 78D fundoscopes in selected cases. Angle of deviation was measured. All necessary investigations were completed. Surgical procedures were performed under general anesthesia. Postoperative follow-up was done. Almost 71% children underwent successful surgery with residual deviation of less than 15 PD, while 29.0% subjects developed residual strabismus. Four patients presented with foreign body granuloma. Two children developed limitation in adduction. The preoperative deviations of 60 PD showed good results with residual deviation of fewer than 15 PD. There is a need for guarded muscle correction during bilateral medial rectus recession for improvement in visual alignment and binocular function
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Treatment Outcome , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
To compare the therapeutic role of leukotriene receptor blocker Montelukast with N. Sativa seeds in seasonal allergic rhinitis patients. Comparative uncontrolled single blind clinical assessment was carried out over forty seven untreated adult patients torment from seasonal allergic rhinitis and staring for outpatient management. All patients were chosen from different primary care health centers, registered and were divided in a single-blind approach to obtain Montelukast, 10 mg/day, group I [n=24] and 250 mg/day of N. Sativa, group II [n=23] orally for two weeks. Patients joined-up the study has completed the therapeutic plan. Montelukast and N. Sativa both demonstrated a significant and early decrease in daytime as well as ophthalmic symptoms, while montelukast showed diminished and late effects on nighttime symptoms when compared with N. Sativa. In addition montelukast has also been showing to cause drug allied side effects like headache, dizziness and heart burn. It would come into view that N. Sativa is safe and thoroughly free from threat of adverse effects. So it is a liable management alternative for seasonal allergic rhinitis patients
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Male , Female , Nigella sativa , Phytotherapy , Quinolines , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
·AIM: To evaluate the causes, frequency, severity of eye injury, management, visual outcome and prevention in children with penetrating ocular injury.·METHODS: The study was conducted on patients under 15 years presenting with penetrating ocular injuries. Anterior segment slit lamp examination was performed for cornea and corneo-scleral penetration, hyphema, iris prolapse, etc. Posterior segment slit lamp examination wih 90D funduscopes was done in selected cases. After performing necessary investigations, urgent surgical intervention was carried out. ·RESULTS: Out of 43 (55%) registered patients; boys were 67%, and girls 33%. The agents of trauma were glass, pencil, stick, etc. The site of entrance through cornea was 62.7%, sclera 25.6%, and limbus 11.7%. The presenting visual acuity was 6/60 and above in 32.5% children, 6/24 in 9.3%, and 6/12 and above in 2.3% cases. 37.2% cases had perception of light. Out of 36 operated eyes, twenty-nine completed post operative follow up. 10 4% subjects had final visual acuity (FVA) of 3/60. 24 2% had FVA of 6/60. 17.2% children had FVA of 6/24 partial. In 34.4% subjects, the FVA was restricted to perception of light. 10.4% developed phthisis bulbi.·CONCLUSION: Ocular trauma is a significant cause of visual loss in child population. Preventive efforts are extremely important in domestic and outdoor activities.
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AIM:To evaluate the surgical outcome of congenital upper eyelid coloboma repair.METHODS:All patients underwent complete ophthalmic and general examination before going to surgery,and then examination under anesthesia was performed to assess the site and size of eyelid defect,conjunctival involvement.The status of cornea and ocular motility with forced duction test was also being noted.The surgical procedure was performed according to the size of defect.RESULTS:Out of 21 cases of congenital upper eyelid coloboma,18 occurred in isolation with upper eyelid medial defect,13 were bilateral and 5 were unilateral.Others were associated with Goldenhar syndrome and CHARGE syndrome with bilateral upper lid medial defects.All patients were presented for surgical corrections during age of 2.5-4.0 years except one that presented at 25 years of age.Cosmetically surgical results were acceptable,except one that was already presented with opaque corneal.CONCLUSION:In this study overall surgical results were satisfactory except one that was presented late with compromised cornea.
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AIM: To determine the clinical course and management of patients undergoing surgery for consecutive strabismus.METHODS: Patients less than 45 years of age presenting with consecutive strabismus were divided into two groups (1-Esodeviation and 2-Exodeviation). Angle of deviation was measured in prism diopter (PD). Conservative therapy was experienced during the course of follow-up after first surgery. All the subjects with deviation of more than 15PD after six months of follow-up were selected for repeat surgery. Compulsory investigations were performed. Secondary surgical procedures were performed under general anesthesia. Postoperative follow-up was done at 3 days, 15 days, 3 months and 6 months.RESULTS: Subjects(28.8%)developed consecutive stra-bismus within the study period. Second surgery on a dominant (fixating) eye in all patients was performed within 6 to 9 months after first surgery. After second surgical interven-tion, good surgical outcome was obtained and the tendency towards over correction was not observed in both groups during follow-up period.CONCLUSION: There is a need for guarded muscle correction during second surgery to avoid over corrections in future.
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To report the prevalence of pseudo exfoliation in association with Cataract and other ocular diseases at a tertiary eye care centre in Sindh, Pakistan. This was a hospital based study at Liaquat University Eye hospital, Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan conducted from July, 2005 to November, 2006. A total of 1450 subjects of more than fifty years with senile cataract were registered who underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation. Visual acuity, refraction, Goldmann applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, slit lamp examination, and dilated pupil fundus examinations were performed. Pseudo exfoliation was diagnosed on slit lamp biomicroscopy by the presence of white dandruff-like material at papillary margin, on the anterior lens capsule, and trabecular meshwork, in one or both eyes. Out of 1450 patients, sixty five [4.48%] subjects was diagnosed having senile cataract with pseudo exfoliation. There was a significant increase in prevalence with age. Out of 65 cases, 15 cases [23.0%] were unilateral and 50 cases [76.9%] bilateral. Forty one eyes [63.0%] had raised intraocular pressure, in which four eyes [9.7%] had angle closure glaucoma, and 37 eyes [90.2%] had pseudo exfoliation [open angle] glaucoma. The prevalence of nuclear cataract was significantly higher [66.1%] in patients with pseudo exfoliation. It appears to be a common disorder in older individuals in the notified area. The association of pseudo exfoliation [PXF] with aging and cataract has public health implications
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cataract , Eye Diseases , Prevalence , Aging , GlaucomaABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of glaucoma in children with vernal conjunctivitis using topical steroids, referred to a tertiary eye care centre. Descriptive case series. This study was carried out at department of Ophthalmology, Liaquat University Eye Hospital Hyderabad, Sindh - Pakistan, from July 2002 to December 2004 [Thirty months]. A total of 200 patients with chronic allergic conjunctivitis using topical steroids [Betamethasone, Dexamethasone, Prednisolone] for more than six months were examined. A thorough examination including visual acuity, Goldmann applanation tonometry, Schiot'z tonometry, Gonioscopy, slit lamp examination and dilated Ophthalmoscopy were performed. Out of 200 patients examined, fifteen [7.5%] were found having raised intraocular pressure [secondary glaucoma] due to prolonged use of topical steroids. The rise of intraocular pressure was bilateral in three patients [1.5%], and unilateral in twelve patients [6.0%]. The topical steroids were discontinued. One patient with vernal conjunctivitis using topical steroids since more than two years developed left optic disc pallor with constriction of visual field, and posterior sub capsular cataract. The intraocular pressure was not controlled by ocular hypotensive agents, and glaucoma filtration surgery was advised. This study identifies the risk of intraocular pressure elevation in patients with allergic conjunctivitis, using topical steroids for longer periods. Long term use of topical and systemic steroids produces secondary open angle glaucoma similar to chronic simple glaucoma. We can conclude that Dexamethasone and Prednisolone are possible risk factors for producing glaucoma
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Glaucoma/chemically induced , Conjunctivitis, Allergic , Prednisolone/adverse effects , Intraocular Pressure , Betamethasone/adverse effects , Child , Dexamethasone/adverse effectsABSTRACT
To determine the prevalence of trachoma in a given population. A cross - sectional study. Department of Ophthalmology, Civil Hospital, Mirpurkhas - Sindh from January to December 2001. A total of four thousand [4000] patients of different age groups undergone a clinical examination of anterior eye during study period. Those with the clinical findings of trachoma underwent further detailed examination including visual acuity, tonometry and dilated ophthalmoscopy. The diagnosis of different stages of trachoma was confirmed clinically using simplified trachoma grading system of World Health Organization. Out of 4000 patients, 515 [12.87%] were found having clinical findings of trachoma. Among these, 215 [41.74%] were male and 300 [58.25%] female patients. The prevalence of active trachoma was higher in female children. Trachoma has become endemic in the increasing poor population of District Tharparkar. The disease is increasing due to deficient water supply, poor sanitation and unhygienic living standards of the people of area